H Leaf-wrapped grain parcels (separate inventions)
Grain or starch pastes cooked in leaves or husks, invented separately in Mesoamerica (tamal), East/Southeast Asia (zongzi) and West/Central Africa (kenkey, kwanga, moi moi). Second pass adds independent Austronesian parcels (cinavu, abai) and a fermented-cassava sub-cluster; we also park Pacific leaf-wrapped tuber puddings here at low confidence.
Ancient · San Bartolo muralsTamalMasa wrapped in husk since the Maya.S Secondary consensus · with recipe
Silk Road & Tang · JiangnanZongzi粽子A pyramid of rice tied in bamboo leaves.A Archaeological or primary source
Renaissance & print · Quechua-speaking central Andes HumitasFresh corn in its own husk.D Dated text
Renaissance & print · YamoransaKenkey: Fante dokonoA Archaeological or primary source
Empires & migration · Venezuela HallacaChristmas in a plantain leaf.D Dated text
Empires & migration · TahitiPo'eD Dated text · with recipe
Empires & migration · Greater Accra Kenkey: Ga komiSour fermented corn, with fish and pepper sauce.A Archaeological or primary source
Empires & migration · Ga-Dangme coast BankuD Dated text
Modern & global · Duala MiondoA Archaeological or primary source
Modern & global · Cambodia Num ansomនំអន្សមA Archaeological or primary source
Modern & global · BarbadosConkiesD Dated text- Modern & global · Rukai villagesAbai阿拜D Dated text
Modern & global · Vanuatu LaplapA Archaeological or primary source
Modern & global · Mbo of Moungo KokiA Archaeological or primary source
Modern & global · Paiwan uplandsCinavu吉拿富A Archaeological or primary source- Modern & global · PaiwanQavayA Archaeological or primary source
Modern & global · New Caledonia BougnaA Archaeological or primary source
Modern & global · Centre Cameroon BoboloD Dated text · with recipe
Undated · Bakweri country EkwangS Secondary consensus- Undated · Vanuatu Vanuatu simboroS Secondary consensus
